n-BUTYRONITRILE

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
CAS NO 109-74-0

BUTYRONITRILE

EINECS NO. 203-700-6
FORMULA CH3(CH2)2CN
MOL WT. 69.11
H.S. CODE  

TOXICITY

  
SYNONYMS Propyl cyanide; 1-Cyanopropane; n-Butanitrile;
Butyronitrile; Butyrylonitrile; n-Butanenitrile; Butyric acid nitrile; Propylkyanid; 1-Cyanopropane; Butironitrilo; Butyronitrile;
SMILES  

CLASSIFICATION

 

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
PHYSICAL STATE Clear liquid
MELTING POINT -112 C
BOILING POINT 118 C
SPECIFIC GRAVITY 0.791
SOLUBILITY IN WATER Slightly
AUTOIGNITION

 

pH

 

VAPOR DENSITY  
NFPA RATINGS Health: 2 Flammability: 2 Reactivity: 0

REFRACTIVE INDEX

 1.384
FLASH POINT

16 C

STABILITY Stable under ordinary conditions.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND APPLICATIONS
Nitrile is an organic compounds containing cyano group (-C》N, containing trivalent nitrogen) which is attached to one carbon atom with the general formula RC》N. Their names are corresponding to carboxylic acids by changing '-ic acid' to the suffix, '-onitrile' which denotes only the 》N atom (triply bound) excluding the carbon atom attached to it, or  the suffix, '-carbonitrile' where the carbon atom in the -CN is included, whichever preserves a single letter O. Examples are acetonitrile from acetic acid and benzonitrile from benzoic acid. The prefix,  'cyano-' is used as an alternative naming system to indicate the presence of a nitrile group in a molecule for the compounds of salts and organic derivatives of hydrogen cyanide (HC》N). Isocyanides are salts and hydrocarbyl derivatives from the isomer, HN+》C-. Sodium cyanide, NaCN; potassium cyanide, KCN; calcium cyanide, Ca(CN)2; and hydrocyanic (or prussic) acid, HCN are examples. Chemically, the simple inorganic cyanides resemble chlorides in many ways. Organic nitriles act as solvents and are reacted further for various application including;

  · Extraction solvent for fatty acids, oils and unsaturated hydrocarbons
  · Solvent for spinning and casting and extractive distillation based on its     selective miscibility with organic compounds.
  · Removing agent of colouring matters and aromatic alcohols
  · Non-aqueous solvent for titrations and for inorganic salts
  · Recrystallization of steroids
  · Parent compound for organic synthesis
  · Solvent or chemical intermediate in biochemistry ( pesticide sequencing and     DNA synthesis)
  · High-pressure liquid chromatographic analysis
  · Catalyst and component of transition-metal complex catalysts
  · Stabilizer for chlorinated solvents
  · Chemical intermediate and solvent for perfumes and pharmaceuticals

Although nitriles don't have a carbonyl group, they are often considered as derivatives of carboxylic acids. Nitrile undergoes acid hydrolysis to form a carboxylic acid. Nitrile is reduced to form amine in the presence of nickel catalyst. Grignard reagents add to nitriles, forming a relatively stable imino derivative which can be hydrolyzed to a ketone. Metaloimine is hydrolyzed to give beta-ketoester. Nitrile undergoes a sequence of nucleophilic additions with an alcohol under acid catalysis, called nitrile alcoholysis. Nitriles are hydrolyzed to carboxylic acids, alcoholyzed to esters, reduced to amines, cyclyzed to pyridine derivatives.
SALES SPECIFICATION

APPEARANCE

Clear liquid

PURITY

99.0% min

DISTILLATION RANGE

115 - 118 C

WATER

0.2% max

TRANSPORTATION
PACKING 150kgs in drum
HAZARD CLASS 3 (Packing group: II)
UN NO. 2411
OTHER INFORMATION
Hazard Symbols: T, Risk Phrases: 10-23/24/25, Safety Phrases: 45