ACETYLCYSTEINE

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
CAS NO. 616-91-1; 7696-05-1

ACETYLCYSTEINE

EINECS NO. 210-498-3
FORMULA HSCH2CH(NHCOCH3)COOH
MOL WT. 163.19

H.S. CODE

  

TOXICITY

 Oral rat LD50: 5050 mg/kg
SYNONYMS N-Acetyl-3-mercaptoalanine; NAC; Acetadote; Acetein; Acetilcisteina;
L-Acetylcysteine; N-acetyl-L-Cysteine; L-alpha-Acetamido-beta-mercaptopropionic acid; N-Acetyl-L-(+)-cysteine; Mercapturic Acid;
DERIVATION

 

CLASSIFICATION

  

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

PHYSICAL STATE white crystalline powder
MELTING POINT 106 - 108 C
BOILING POINT

 

SPECIFIC GRAVITY

 

SOLUBILITY IN WATER Soluble
pH  
VAPOR DENSITY

 

REFRACTIVE INDEX

 

NFPA RATINGS

 Health: 1 ; Flammability: 0 ; Reactivity: 0

AUTOIGNITION

 

FLASH POINT

 

STABILITY Stable under normal conditions.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION & APPLICATIONS

Acetylcysteine is the N-acetyl derivative of L-cysteine, an amino acid having a thiol group. L-Cysteine oxidizes to cystine, which is the dimeric form of cysteine joined by a disulfide bond. The disulfide bond is easily reduced to the corresponding thiol (-SH). N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) is metabolized into glutathione (γ-glutamyl-cysteinyl-glycine), a tripeptide existing in both the reduced thiol form and the oxidized disulfide form. It involves in various redox reactions such as the formation of disulfide bonds in proteinsthe  and destruction of peroxides and free radicals. This function confers antioxidant effects preventing oxidative damage by reduction of methemoglobin and peroxides. Acetylcysteine is used as a dietary supplement that is metabolized into the antioxidant glutathione. It has also been shown to have antiviral effects in patients with HIV due to inhibition of viral stimulation by reactive oxygen intermediates. Acetylcysteine is used as a mucolytic agent which is capable of reducing the viscosity of mucus for its removal. The viscosity of mucous is dependent upon the presence of disulfide bonds between these macromolecules and DNA. Acetylcysteine isolates the sulfide bonds.

Members of mucolytic agent

Agent

CAS RN
Bromhexine hydrochloride 611-75-6
Acetylcysteine 616-91-1
Carbocysteine 2387-59-9
Bromhexine 3572-43-8
Ambroxol 18683-91-5
Ambroxol hydrochloride 23828-92-4
4-Amino-3-bromo-5-((diethylamino)methyl)benzoic acid ethyl ester HCl 57814-29-6
Domiodol 61869-07-6
SALES SPECIFICATION

APPEARANCE

 white crystalline powder

ASSAY

98.0 - 102.0%

SPECIFIC ROTATION

 +21° ~ 27°
LOSS ON DRYING

1.0% max

pH

2.0 - 3.0

HEAVY METALS

10ppm max
RESIDUE ON IGNITION

0.5% max
TRANSPORTATION
PACKING
 
HAZARD CLASS  
UN NO.  
OTHER INFORMATION

Peptide is the members of the compounds composed of two or more amino acids joined by the linking between one amino acid residue and the carboxyl group of the next amino acid by hydrolysis into linear, branched or cyclical structures. The link is an amide bond, and is sometimes referred to as a peptide bond. Peptides are playing a promising role in the molecular biology and in the creating medicines. Peptides are used in the study of protein structure and function, antibodies for the inhibition of cancer, for the study of protein structure and function research. Peptides are also used as instrumental in mass spectrometry. Biological activities of peptide are applicable in the fields of nutrition, medicine, and cosmetics.

  • Dipeptide: a molecule consisting of two amino acids
  • Tripeptide a molecule consisting of three amino acids
  • Octapeptide: a molecule consisting of eight amino acids
  • Oligopeptide: a polypeptide composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids length (or 3 to 40 component amino acids)
  • Polypeptide: a single molecule composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids.
  • Protein: a linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on ribosomes.