CITRIC ACID, MONOHYDRATE

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION

H.S. CODE

TOXICITY

CLASSIFICATION

Anticoagulant, Chelating agent, Preservative, Hematologic

EXTRA NOTES

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

AUTOIGNITION

NFPA RATINGS

REFRACTIVE INDEX

100 C

EXTERNAL LINKS & GENERAL DESCRIPTION

USA.gov - Citric acid

Wikipedia Linking - Citric acid

Google Scholar Search - Citric acid

U.S. National Library of Medicine - Citric acid

PubChem Compound Summary - Citric acid

IPCS INCHEM -  Citric acid

Drug Bank -  Citric acid

KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) -  Citric acid

ChEBI (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/) -  Citric acid

NCBI (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) -  Citric acid

Material Safety Data Sheet - Citric acid

Human Metabolome Database - Citric acid

Hazardous Substances Data Bank - Citric acid

EPA - Substance Registry Services - Citric acid

Local:
Citric Acid (2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, in IUPAC naming) is a colourless crystalline organic compound belong to carboxylic acid family. It exists in all plants (especially in lemons and limes) and in many animal tissues and fluids. In biochemistry, it is involved in important metabolism of almost all living things; the Krebs cycle (also called citric acid cycle or tricarboxylic acid cycle), a part of the process by which animals convert food to energy. Citric acid works as a preservative ( or as an antioxidant) and cleaning agent in nature. It is commercially obtained by fermentation process of glucose with the aid of the mold Aspergillus niger and can be obtained synthetically from acetone or glycerol. It can be used as an sour taste enhancer in foods and soft drinks. The three carboxy groups lose protons in solution; resulting in the excellent pH control as a buffer in acidic solutions. It is used as a flavouring, stabilizing agent and acidulant (to control acidity) in food industry, in metal-cleaning compositions as it chelates metals. Citric acid is available in forms of anhydrous primarily and in monohydrate, the crystallized form from water. The hydrated form will be converted to the anhydrous form above 74 C. Citrate is a salt or ester of citric acid. Citrates are formed by replacing the acidic one, two, or all three of the carboxylic hydrogens in citric acid by metals or organic radicals to produce an extensive series of salts, esters, and mixed (double) salts. Cirrates are used in food, cosmetics, pharmaceutical and medicine industries as well as in plastic industry; nutrient or food additives having functions of acidity regulator, sequestering and stabilizing agent, antioxidants synergist, firming agent; anticoagulant for stored whole blood and red cells and also for blood specimens as citrates chelate metal ions and saline cathartics, effervescent medicines; high boiling solvent, plasticizer and resin for food contact plastics.

EXAMPLES OF NATURALLY OCCURRING CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
(excluding fatty acids)

APPLICATIONS: Food, Beverages, Flavour enhancer, Colouring, Preservative,  Detergents, Cleaners, Pharmaceuticals, Cosmetics, Industrial and Chemical processing

BIBLIOGRAPHY

FCC/USP/BP

APPEARANCE

ASSAY

99.5% ~ 101.0%

WATER

7.5% ~ 9.0%

4 NTU

150ppm max

CHLORIDE

50ppm max

IRON

5ppm max

Pass test

350ppm max

200ppm max

ARSENIC

3ppm max

HEAVY METALS (as Pb)

10ppm max

25kgs in bag

HAZARD OVERVIEW

GHS (Globally Harmonised System) Classification: Eye irritation. Hazard statements: Causes serious eye irritation.

GHS

Warning

PICTOGRAMS

HAZARD STATEMENTS

H319

P STATEMENTS

P305 + P351 + P338

RISK PHRASES

36

SAFETY PHRASES

26