METHIONINE [2-amino-4-(methylthio)-butyric acid]

METHIONINE

GENERAL

Amino Acid is any of the organic compounds in which one (or more ) amino group (-NH₂) and one (or more ) carboxylic acid group (-COOH) are both present with general formula R-CH(NH₂)COOH containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and in certain cases sulfur atoms. Two groups attached to the same carbon (called the alpha-carbon atom at the end of the compound) are polymerized to form peptides and proteins. The amine group is protonated to form -NH₃⁺ at low pH. The carboxylic acid group is deprotonated to form -CO₂^- at high pH. The carbon atom in the carboxyl group of one amino acid binds covalently to the nitrogen atom in the amino group of another amino acid to form a peptide bond with the release of a water molecule. Proteins are synthesized through the covalent chemical polypeptide bonds. The sequence of these amino acids in the protein polypeptides determines the shape, properties, and hence biological role of the protein that function as chemical messengers and as intermediates in metabolism. Proteins are composed of various proportions of about 20 commonly occurring amino acids. Plants or other biological systems can synthesize amino acids from simple inorganic compounds, but animals rely on adequate supplies in their diet. More than 100 common amino acids occur in plants or in other microorganic systems. The 20 amino acids commonly found in animals are Alanine, Arginine, Asparagine, Aspartic Acid, Cysteine, Glutamic Acid, Glutamine, Glycine, Histidine, Isoleucine, Leucine, Lysine, Methionine, Phenylalanine, Proline, Serine, Threonine, Tryptophan, Tyrosine, and Valine. Many of the amino acids can be synthesized in the human or animal body from other cellular metabolites when needed (called Non-essential Amino Acids). Animals are not able to synthesize some amino acids necessary in metabolism in sufficient quantities. It must therefore be present in the diet (called Essential Amino Acids). In man, these essential amino acids are Arginine, Histidine, Isoleucine, Leucine, Lysine, Methionine, Phenylalanine, Threonine, Tryptophan and Valine. METHIONINE, an essential amino acid (sulfur-containing ) that is not synthesized by the body and must be obtained from food. It contributes to supply mineral sulfur improving the tone and pliability of the skin, conditioning the hair and strengthens nails and protecting the cells from airborne pollutants. It contributes to the other compounds including S-adenosyl-methionine (SAM), which participate in liabile methyl groups and sulfur to over 100 biochemical reactions for normal brain function, and L-Cysteine, which is a component of Glutathione, an important antioxidant molecule in the body. Methionine is also a transporter of the antioxidant mineral Selenium. METHIONINE occurs as two optical isomers, a dextro and a levo form.

STRUCTURE

CAS NO.

D-METHIONINE

L-METHIONINE

D-Methionine: 348-67-4
L-Methionine: 63-68-3

ACTIVITY

nutritional supplemnt

MOL WT.

C₅H₁₁NO₂S
149.21

SPECIFICATION (DL-METHIONINE FCC GRADE)

PROPERTY	VALUE
Bibliography	FCC IV
Appearance	White crystalline powder
Assay	98.5~101.5%
Loss on Drying	0.5% max
Ash	0.5% max
H2O and volatile component	0.3% max
Heavy metals	20ppm max
Residue on ignition	0.1% max
Lead	10ppm max
Arsenic	3ppm max
pH	5.6 ~ 6.1

APPLICATIONS

Feed additive

SYNONYMS

D-Methionine:
D-2-Amino-4-(methylthio)butyric acid; D-Methionine; R-Methionine; D-Metionien; Methionine d-form; Methionine
L-Methionine:
(S)-(-)-Methionine; Methionine; L-(-)-methionine; 2-Amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid; L-alpha-amino-gamma-methylmercaptobutyric acid; L-(-)-amino-gamma-methylthiobutyric acid; 2-amino-4-(methylthio)-butyric acid; cymethion; L-gamma-methylthio-alpha-aminobutyric acid; meonine; methilanin; neston; lobamine; meritonin; neo-methidin; thiomedon; cynaron; dyprin; metione; banthionine; L-2-Amino-4-(methylthio)butyric acid;

COMMENTS