NIACIN

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION

59-67-6

H.S. CODE

TOXICITY

beta -picoline or quinoline ¡ç coal tar

CLASSIFICATION

VITAMINS /

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

Niacin (also called Nicotinic Acid) and Niacinamide (also called Nicotinamide), two compounds of water-soluble vitamin B complex, are active in the metabolism of body. Chemically they are 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid and 3-Pyridinecarboxamide respectively. Commercially, niacin is obtained from beta -picoline or from quinoline, which are both obtainable from coal tar. Niacinamide, more water soluble, is the amide form of niacin. When an amide molecule attaches itself to niacin, it becomes niacinamide. The B vitamins niacin and niacinamide are known as preventives of pellagra. Niacin is interchangeable in metabolism with its amide, niacinamide. Nicotinamide is hydrolyzed to the acid in the digestive tract of non-ruminants. After absorption in the mucosa, the amide is formed again. In the rumen of ruminants, nicotinamide is converted in a short time to nicotinic acid. Nicotinamide and nicotinic acid are therefore equivalent in action in the case of farm animals. These are key ingredients in animal feed and animal feed premixes as these contribute to numerous metabolic reactions  as hydrogentransferring coenzymes. Niacin acts to reduce plasma cholesterol, as a vasodilator and to treat pellagra.  Niacin is used for the prophylaxis. Their derivatives are used for these effects.

EXAMPLES OF NATURALLY OCCURRING CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
(excluding fatty acids)

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

AUTOIGNITION

NFPA RATINGS

REFRACTIVE INDEX

APPLICATIONS

feed additive, pharmaceuticals, food enrichment, animal mixes for livestock

BIBLIOGRAPHY

USP

APPEARANCE

White crystalline powder

Pass Test

98% min

0.5% max

234 - 238 C

0.1% max

20ppm max

0.02% max

0.025% max

99% (pass 100mesh)