NIACIN

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION

CAS NO.

59-67-6

NIACIN

EINECS NO. 200-441-0
FORMULA C6H5NO2
MOL WT. 123.11

H.S. CODE

2936.29

TOXICITY

Oral rat LD50: 7,000 mg/kg
SYNONYMS 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid; Nicotinic acid;
Nicotinipca; Pyridine-¥â-carboxylic acid; Vitamin B; 3-Carboxylpyridine; 3-Carboxypyridine; anti-Pellagra vitamin; Acidum nicotinicum; Nicotine acid; Pyridine-3-carbonic acid; Pyridine-3-carboxylic acid; Kyselina nikotinova; Nicotinoylhydrazine; Nicotinsaure (German); Pyridine-carboxylique-3; M-pyridinecarboxylic Acid; Acide Nicotinique (French); Pyridine-carboxylique-3 (French);
SMILES

beta -picoline or quinoline ¡ç coal tar

CLASSIFICATION

VITAMINS /

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

Niacin (also called Nicotinic Acid) and Niacinamide (also called Nicotinamide), two compounds of water-soluble vitamin B complex, are active in the metabolism of body. Chemically they are 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid and 3-Pyridinecarboxamide respectively. Commercially, niacin is obtained from beta -picoline or from quinoline, which are both obtainable from coal tar. Niacinamide, more water soluble, is the amide form of niacin. When an amide molecule attaches itself to niacin, it becomes niacinamide. The B vitamins niacin and niacinamide are known as preventives of pellagra. Niacin is interchangeable in metabolism with its amide, niacinamide. Nicotinamide is hydrolyzed to the acid in the digestive tract of non-ruminants. After absorption in the mucosa, the amide is formed again. In the rumen of ruminants, nicotinamide is converted in a short time to nicotinic acid. Nicotinamide and nicotinic acid are therefore equivalent in action in the case of farm animals. These are key ingredients in animal feed and animal feed premixes as these contribute to numerous metabolic reactions  as hydrogentransferring coenzymes. Niacin acts to reduce plasma cholesterol, as a vasodilator and to treat pellagra.  Niacin is used for the prophylaxis. Their derivatives are used for these effects.

EXAMPLES OF NATURALLY OCCURRING CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
(excluding fatty acids)

Pyruvic acid

Lactic Acid

Cholic acid

Nicotinic acid

PYRUVIC ACID

Lactic Acid

cholic acid

Nicotinic acid

metabolic intermediate

metabolic intermediate

from bile

vitamin B

 

Citric acid

Malic Acid

Biotin

Abietic acid

Citric acid

Malic Acid

Biotin

Abietic acid

in plants

in fruits

cell growth factor

pine rosin

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

PHYSICAL STATE White crystals or crystalline powder
MELTING POINT 236 - 239
BOILING POINT Sublimes
SPECIFIC GRAVITY 1.473
SOLUBILITY IN WATER Slightly soluble
pH 2.7 (saturated aqueous solution)
VAPOR DENSITY 4.25

AUTOIGNITION

 

NFPA RATINGS

Health: 1 Flammability: 1 Reactivity: 0

REFRACTIVE INDEX

 

FLASH POINT

 

STABILITY Stable under ordinary conditions

APPLICATIONS

feed additive, pharmaceuticals, food enrichment, animal mixes for livestock

SALES SPECIFICATION

BIBLIOGRAPHY

USP

APPEARANCE

White crystalline powder

IDENTIFICATION

Pass Test

ASSAY

98% min

LOSS ON DRYING

0.5% max

MELTING RANGE

234 - 238 C

RESIDUE ON IGNITION

0.1% max

HEAVY METALS

20ppm max

SULFATE

0.02% max

CHLORIDE

0.025% max

PARTICLE SIZE

99% (pass 100mesh)

TRANSPORTATION
PACKING
25kgs in Bag
HAZARD CLASS Not regulated
UN NO.  
OTHER INFORMATION