CYCLOPENTANAMINE

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
CAS NO. 1003-03-8

CYCLOPENTANAMINE

EINECS NO. 213-697-3
FORMULA C5H9NH2
MOL WT. 85.15

H.S. CODE

  

TOXICITY

  
SYNONYMS Cyclopentylamine; Aminocyclopentane;
SMILES

 

CLASSIFICATION

  

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

PHYSICAL STATE Clear to yellow  liquid
MELTING POINT  
BOILING POINT 106 - 108 C
SPECIFIC GRAVITY 0.863
SOLUBILITY IN WATER miscible
pH  
VAPOR DENSITY

 

AUTOIGNITION

 

NFPA RATINGS

 

REFRACTIVE INDEX

 1.4482
FLASH POINT 17 C
STABILITY

Stable under ordinary conditions.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION & APPLICATIONS
Cyclopentane is the five-membered alicyclic hydrocarbon consisting of five carbon atoms linked to each other to form a ring, with each carbon atom bearing two hydrogen atoms, C5H10; melting point -94 C and boiling point 49 C. A cyclic compound is an organic compound that contains one or more closed rings of carbon atoms. The term alicyclic refers to cyclic compound that behaves chemically like aliphatic compounds (open-chain), which means the exclusion of carbocyclic compounds of aromatic rings with an array of ¥ð-electrons characteristic. Cyclopentane is a colorless, highly flammable, mobile liquid with a pungent odor. It is insoluble in water and soluble in alcohol, ether, and almost organic solvents. Cyclopentane is present in crude petroleum. But most of quantity is converted to aromatics which has better combustion properties to be used in fuel. Naphthenic acid obtained as a by-product of petroleum refining is  believed to have cyclopentane ring mainly. Cyclopentane consumption is linked almost entirely to the production of synthetic resins and rubber adhesives. Cyclopentane is used as a solvent, oil extractant, paint and varnish remover, dry cleaning material, and in solid fuels. Cyclopentane is used as a chemical intermediate to produce target molecules. Cyclopentane structure is found in steroids. Cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene is an example. Alicyclo hydrocarbon is one of the major skeleton in nature. Cyclopentane derivatives can be used for the synthesis of fungicides, pharmaceuticals, dyes, herbicides, plant growth regulator, plasticizers, rubber chemicals, cycloamines and other organic compounds.
SALES SPECIFICATION

APPEARANCE

 Clear to yellow  liquid
ASSAY

98.0% min
TRANSPORTATION
PACKING
160kgs in drum
HAZARD CLASS 3 ((Packing Group: II)
UN NO. 1993
OTHER INFORMATION
Hazard Symbols: XI F, Risk Phrases: 11 36/37/38

GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF AMINE
Amine is a group of basic organic compounds derived from ammonia (NH3) by replacement of one (primary amines), two (secondary amines), or three (tertiary amines) hydrogen atoms by alkyl, aryl groups or organic radicals. Amines, like ammonia, are weak bases because the unshared electron pair of the nitrogen atom can form a coordinate bond with a proton. Amines react with acids to give salts and with acid anhydrides (or ester ) to form amides. They react with halogenoalkanes to form longer chains. Low molecular amine names are formed by adding '-amine' as a suffix to the name of the parent compound. In substitutive nomenclature, the prefix 'amino-' is placed before the name of the parent compound to denote the functional group in high molecular amines. Synthetic amines are made mostly by reaction of alcohols with ammonia, catalyzed by metals( nickel or copper) or metal oxide at high temperature. Many methods have been devised for the synthesis of the amines; reacting ammonia with an alkyl halide and neutralizing the resulting alkyl ammonium salt with an alkali, e.g., sodium hydroxide. This procedure yields a mixture of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines that is easily separated into its three components by fractional distillation; boiling methyl isocyanate with caustic potash, heating the alkyl iodides with ammonia; reduction of nitriles with alcohol and sodium; heating the esters of nitric acid with alcoholic ammonia; reducing on nitro-paraffms;  action of zinc and hydrochloric acid on aldehyde ammonias; reduction of the phenylhydrazones and oximes of aldehydes and ketones with sodium amalgam in the presence of alcohol and sodium acetate; action of dilute hydrochloric acid on the isonitriles; heating the mustard oils with a mineral acid, by the hydrolysis of the alkyl phthalimides. Primary amines contain the functional group -NH2 (called amino group) and are converted into secondary and tertiary amines if heated with alkyl or aryl iodides. Primary amines form various oxidation products violently with concentrated nitric acid. If the amines are acetylated, they form nitro derivatives with concentrated nitric acid. Primary amines form diazonium salts with nitrous acid in cold solution in the presence of excess of mineral acid. Or a diazoamine is obtained in absence of excess of acid. Other ractions are condensation products with aldehydes; forming anilides; forming alkyl thioureas; yielding  isonitriles with alcoholic potash and chloroform. Tertiary amines combine with one molecular proportion of an alkyl iodide to form quaternary ammonium salts in which a central nitrogen atom is joined to four organic radicals and one acid radical. Quaternary ammonium salts are used as corrosion inhibitor, emulsifying and antiseptic agents. Aliphatic amines which have the lowest carbon content are water-soluble gases or liquids of low boiling point also readily soluble in water in case of the next low carbon content. But aliphatic amines which have the high carbon content are odourless solids of high boiling point and are insoluble in water. They are all bases and easily form salts with the mineral acids and double salts with the halogenoalkanes. Amine Salts are crystalline substances that are readily soluble in water. Many insoluble alkaloids (e.g. quinine and atropine) are used medicinally in the form of soluble salts. If alkali (sodium hydroxide) is added to solutions of such salts the free amine is liberated. Hexamethylenediamine used in the manufacture of nylon-6,6 is prepared by catalytic addition of hydrogen to nitriles. Aromatic amines also exist, such as phenylamine, which are important for the production of diazonium salts. They dissociate in water (some very weakly). Aromatic amines are much weaker bases than the aliphatics. One of the most important aromatic amines is aniline; pale brown liquid boiling at 184 C, melting at -6 C. Aniline is obtained commercially from chlorobenzene by heating  with ammonia in the presence of copper catalyst or from a product of coal tar (nitrobenzene) through the reduction reaction. Aniline is the starting material in the dye manufacturing industry and as in the manufacture of others. Aniline is converted into sulfanilic acid which is the parent compound of the sulfa drugs. Aniline is also important in the manufacture of rubber-processing chemicals, antioxidants and varnishes. Amines take part in many kinds of chemical reactions and offer many applications include in agrochemicals, dyestuffs (the best known being aniline), pharmaceuticals, and corrosion inhibitors.