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GUANOSINE | ||
PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION |
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CAS NO. | 118-00-3 | |
EINECS NO. |
204-227-8 |
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FORMULA | C10H13N5O5 | |
MOL WT. | 283.24 | |
H.S. CODE |
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TOXICITY |
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SYNONYMS | rG; 2-Amino-9-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-9H-purine-6-(1H)-one; | |
Guanine riboside; | ||
SMILES |
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CLASSIFICATION |
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PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES |
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PHYSICAL STATE |
white to off-white crystalline powder |
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MELTING POINT |
248 - 250 C |
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BOILING POINT | ||
SPECIFIC GRAVITY | ||
SOLUBILITY IN WATER | ||
pH | ||
VAPOR DENSITY |
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AUTOIGNITION |
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NFPA RATINGS | ||
REFRACTIVE INDEX |
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FLASH POINT | ||
STABILITY |
Stable under ordinary conditions |
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GENERAL DESCRIPTION & APPLICATIONS |
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Ribose
is a pentose (five-carbon sugar) that is a component
of the ribonucleic acid (RNA), where it alternates with
phosphate groups to form the 'back-bone' of the RNA
polymer and binds to nitrogenous bases. Ribose phosphates
are components of the nucleotide coenzymes and are utilized
by microorganisms in the synthesis of the amino acid
histidine. Its close relative, deoxyribose, is a constituent
of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), where it alternates
with phosphate groups to form the 'back-bone' of the
DNA polymer and binds to nitrogenous bases. The presence
of deoxyribose instead of ribose is one difference between
DNA and RNA. Ribose has one more oxygen atom in its
molecule than deoxyribose. Ribose has a five member
ring composed of four carbon atoms and one oxygen. Hydroxyl
groups are attached to three of the carbons. The other
carbon and a hydroxyl group are attached to one of the
carbon atoms adjacent to the oxygen. In deoxyribose,
the carbon furthest from the attached carbon is stripped
of the oxygen atom in what would be a hydroxyl group
in ribose. The sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) molecules
in the nucleic acid are all oriented in the same direction.
Their carbon atoms are numbered: the 5' carbon atom
is always on the side of the sugar molecule that faces
the leading end, while the 3' carbon atom always faces
the tail end. Nucleotide is the structural unit of a
nucleic acid. A nucleotide consists of either a nitrogenous
heterocyclic base (purine or pyrimidine) , a pentose
sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) and a phosphate group
attached at the 5' position on the sugar. A nucleoside
consists of only a pentose sugar linked to a purine
or pyrimidine base, without a phosphate group. Purine
bases are Adenine, Guanine and Hypoxanthine (examples
of purine nucleosides are Adenosine, 2'-Deoxyadenosine,
Guanosine, 2'-Deoxyguanosine, Inosine, 2'-Deoxyinosine).
Pyrimidine bases are Cytosine, Thymine, and Uracil (examples
of pyrimidine nucleosides are Cytidine, 2'-Deoxyguanosine,
5-Methyluridine, 2'-Deoxy-5-Methyluridine, Uridine,
2'-Deoxyuridine). The nucleoside derivatives are involved
in important functions in cellular metabolism and are
used to synthesize enzyme inhibitors, antiviral agents,
and anticancer agents.
Guanosine: a purine nucleoside composed of guanine linked by its N9 nitrogen to the C1 carbon of ribose. It is a component of ribonucleic acid and its nucleotides (GMP, GDP, GTP, cGMP) play important roles in biochemical processes such as synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins, photosynthesis, muscle contraction and intracellular signal transduction (cGMP). GMP, GDP, GTP are three interconvertible compounds in which Guanosine is attached through its ribose group to one (monophosphate), two (diphosphate), and three (triphosphate) phosphoric acid molecules. Symbol G. Deoxyguanosine: a purine nucleoside, guanine linked by its N9 nitrogen to the C1 carbon of deoxyribose.
Chemically modified nucleotides substituted or attached by special chemical groups or elements are studied and used to inactivate the normal biological operation in the living organism, the function of important enzymes, and cytobiology research. |
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SALES SPECIFICATION | ||
APPEARANCE |
fine off-white crystalline powder |
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ASSAY |
98.0 - 102.0 % |
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OPTICAL ROTATION |
-74º ~ -70º |
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MELTING POINT |
248 - 250 C |
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TRANSPORTATION | ||
PACKING |
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HAZARD CLASS | ||
UN NO. | ||
OTHER INFORMATION | ||
Hazard Symbols: n/a, Risk Phrases: 36/37/38, Safety Phrases: 22-24/25 | ||
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF PURINE | ||
Purine is a heterocyclic compound featured by a fused pyrimidine and imidazole rings composed of carbon and nitrogen atoms. The simplest one is purine itself and the two major purines are adenine(6-Aminopurine) and guanine(2-Amino-6-hydroxypurine) which are two bases components of nucleic acid and the nucleotides. Purine itself is not found in nature, but as substituted purines such as methyled, hydroxyl and amino substituted. In addition to adenine and guanine, a group of chemical compounds called purine base include hypoxanthine (6-oxypurine), xanthine (2,6-dioxypurine), uric acid (2,6,8-trioxypurine), and theobromine (3,7-dimethyl xanthine). Theophylline and caffeine are a member of methylated purine family. Purines are biologically important in In medicine and biological research. |
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