PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
H.S. CODE
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PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
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REFRACTIVE INDEX
GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND APPLICATIONS
As an ether, crown ethers are soluble in non-polar solvents. They are capable of strong solvency binding cations in their central cavity. The exterior of the ring is hydrophobic. The size of the interior central cavity, fused ring system, and side chains and functional groups determine the solvency capacity of the cation and the power of hydrophobic.
The main characteristic of crown ether is the complexation of the ether oxygens with various ionic species. If metalic elements pass through the center of the hole, they stick to oxygen atoms. The crown compound is then termed "host-guest" chemistry; Crown Ether acts as the "host" taking ionic species as its "guest". Crown compounds locks guest atoms in a solution and wrap around it. Crown ethers are used in PTC (phase-transfer catalysts) system and in encouraging the solubility of inorganic compounds in organic solvents to promote chemical reaction. 'Host-Guest' chemistry of crown ethers can be a key to identify the move of essential elements in the body and can play the part of very complicated biological reactions such as enzyme's functions, which can be applied to develop new pharmaceuticals. Other compounds that have host cavity include cyclodextrins, calixarenes, cucurbiturils and porphyrins..
Cyclen (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane) is the aza analogues of crown ethers with repeating (-CH2CH2N) units. Cyclam is 1,4,8,11-Tetraazacyclotetradecane with repeating (-CH2CH2CH2N) units. They are starting materials to produce macrocyclic polyamine metal-complexing agents. They coordinate more than one metal ions in their central cavity. They are used as a ligand in chemistry for the applications of diagnostic imaging technique to identify medical condition or disease and for the development of medication as a therapeutic agent and pharmaceutic aid.
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