URSODEOXYCHOLIC ACID (URSODIOL)

Ursodeoxycholic acid is a secondary bile acid formed in the intestine. It involved in the emulsification of fats in intestine. it is choleretic and decreases the concentration of cholesterol in the bile. The pharmaceutical preparation, called ursodiol, is used to treat biliary diseases by dissolving radiolucent and noncalcifying gallstones. Ursodiol is a white powder with a bitter taste; insoluble in water, slightly soluble in chloroform, in ether; soluble in ethanol and glacial acetic acid; melting point 203 - 204 C; administered orally. The chemical name is 3a,7b-dihydroxy-5b-cholan-24-oic acid.

Bile is a bitter, yellow to greenish fluid composed of glycine or taurine conjugated bile salts, cholesterol, phospholipid, bilirubin diglucuronide, and electrolytes. It is secreted by the liver and delivered to the duodenum to aid the process of digestion and fat absorption by emulsification of fat products in the upper small intestine. They play role dissolving cholesterol and accretes into lumps in the gall bladder, forming gallstones. Bile's bicarbonate constituents serves for alkalinizing the intestinal contents. Bile is responsible for as the route of excretion for hemoglobin breakdown products (bilirubin). Excretion of bile salts by liver cells and secretion of bicarbonate rich fluid by ductular cells in response to secretin are the major factors which normally determine the volume of secretion. Bile acids are liver-generated steroid carboxylic acids. The primary bile acids (cholic and chenodeoxycholic acid) are conjugated with either glycine or taurine in the form of taurocholic acid and glycocholic acid. The secondary bile acids (deoxycholic, lithocholic, and ursodeoxycholic acid) are formed from the primary bile acids by the action of intestinal bacteria. They are soluble in alcohol and acetic acid. The lithocolyl conjugates are relatively insoluble; excreted mostly in the form of sulfate esters like sulfolithocholylglycine. Most of the bile acids are reabsorbed and returned to the liver via enterohepatic circulation, where, after free acids are reconjugated, they are again excreted.

URSODEOXYCHOLIC ACID
PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
CAS NO.	128-13-2
EINECS NO.	204-879-3
FORMULA	C₂₄H₄₀O₄
MOL WT.	392.58
H.S. CODE
TOXICITY
SYNONYMS	Ursodiol;
3a,7b-Dihydroxy-5b-cholan-24-oic acid; 5b-Cholan-24-oic acid-3a,7b-diol; Ursodeoxycholsäure; ácido ursodeoxicólico; Acide ursodesoxycholique; 3,7-Dihydroxycholan-24-oic acid;
SMILES
CLASSIFICATION
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
PHYSICAL STATE	white powder with a bitter taste
MELTING POINT	203 - 204 C
BOILING POINT
SPECIFIC GRAVITY
SOLUBILITY IN WATER	Insoluble
pH
VAPOR DENSITY
AUTOIGNITION
NFPA RATINGS
REFRACTIVE INDEX
FLASH POINT
STABILITY	Stable under ordinary conditions.
APPLICATIONS
Ursodeoxycholic acid is a secondary bile acid formed in the intestine. It involved in the emulsification of fats in intestine. it is choleretic and decreases the concentration of cholesterol in the bile. The pharmaceutical preparation, called ursodiol, is used to treat biliary diseases by dissolving radiolucent and noncalcifying gallstones. Ursodiol is a white powder with a bitter taste; insoluble in water, slightly soluble in chloroform, in ether; soluble in ethanol and glacial acetic acid; melting point 203 - 204 C; administered orally. The chemical name is 3a,7b-dihydroxy-5b-cholan-24-oic acid. Bile is a bitter, yellow to greenish fluid composed of glycine or taurine conjugated bile salts, cholesterol, phospholipid, bilirubin diglucuronide, and electrolytes. It is secreted by the liver and delivered to the duodenum to aid the process of digestion and fat absorption by emulsification of fat products in the upper small intestine. They play role dissolving cholesterol and accretes into lumps in the gall bladder, forming gallstones. Bile's bicarbonate constituents serves for alkalinizing the intestinal contents. Bile is responsible for as the route of excretion for hemoglobin breakdown products (bilirubin). Excretion of bile salts by liver cells and secretion of bicarbonate rich fluid by ductular cells in response to secretin are the major factors which normally determine the volume of secretion. Bile acids are liver-generated steroid carboxylic acids. The primary bile acids (cholic and chenodeoxycholic acid) are conjugated with either glycine or taurine in the form of taurocholic acid and glycocholic acid. The secondary bile acids (deoxycholic, lithocholic, and ursodeoxycholic acid) are formed from the primary bile acids by the action of intestinal bacteria. They are soluble in alcohol and acetic acid. The lithocolyl conjugates are relatively insoluble; excreted mostly in the form of sulfate esters like sulfolithocholylglycine. Most of the bile acids are reabsorbed and returned to the liver via enterohepatic circulation, where, after free acids are reconjugated, they are again excreted. Cholic Acid Methyl Cholate Deoxycholic Acid Dehydrocholic Acid Methyl Deoxycholate Chenodeoxycholic Acid Methyl Chenodeoxycholate Sodium Glycocholate Glycodeoxycholic Acid Sodium Glycodeoxycholate Sodium Taurocholate Sodium Taurodeoxycholate Ursodeoxycholic acid Commecial bile acids' application fields include: Experimental basis of cathartics, cholagogues Preventing and dissolving gallstones. As an intermediate for the production of corticosteroid structure drugs to treat various disorders such as pain or inflammation, brain tumors, skin diseases, and allergic reactions. As detergents to emulsify biological fats. Vaccine delivery system
SALES SPECIFICATION
APPEARANCE	white to off-white crystalline powder
ASSAY	98.5% min
LOSS ON DRYING	0.5% max
OPTICAL ROTATION	+58° ~ +62° (C=2 in EtOH)
TRANSPORTATION
PACKING	25kgs in fiber drum
HAZARD CLASS
UN NO.
OTHER INFORMATION
`Hazard Symbols: XN , Risk Phrases:`22-36/37/38`, Safety Phrases:` 22-26-36/37/39