QUINIZARIN (1,4-DIHYDROXY ANTHRAQUINONE)

QUINIZARIN

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION

CAS NO.

81-64-1

QUINIZARIN

EINECS NO. 201-368-7

FORMULA C₁₄H₈O₄

MOL WT. 240.21

H.S. CODE 2914.69.6000

TOXICITY Oral rat LD50:5 gm/kg

SYNONYMS 1,4-Dihydroxy-anthraquinone; Chinizarin; 1,4-DOA (Russian);

Quinizarine; 1,4-Dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone; 1,4-Dihydroxyanthraquinone; Quinizarin; CI 58050; 1,4-Dihydroxyanthrachinon; 1,4-Dioxyanthraquinone; Dihydroxyanthrachinon (Czech): 1,4- Dioxyanthraquinone; 1,4-二羟基蒽醌; Smoke Orange R; Solvent Orange 86; Other RN:103220-12-8

SMILES c12c(C(c3ccccc3C1=O)=O)c(ccc2O)O

CLASSIFICATION

Anthraquinone dye

EXTRA NOTES

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

PHYSICAL STATE

orange or red crystalline powder

MELTING POINT 191 - 193 C

BOILING POINT 450 C

SPECIFIC GRAVITY

SOLUBILITY IN WATER Slightly soluble ( but soluble in hot water)

AUTOIGNITION

VAPOR DENSITY 8.3

NFPA RATINGS

FLASH POINT

STABILITY Stable under ordinary conditions

EXTERNAL LINKS & GENERAL DESCRIPTION

Wikipedia Linking - Quinizarin

Google Scholar Search - Quinizarin

Drug Information Portal (U.S. National Library of Medicine) - Quinizarin

PubChem Compound Summary - Quinizarin

KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) - Quinizarin

http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ - Quinizarin

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ - Quinizarin

http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/
Hazardous Substances Data Bank - Quinizarin

Local:
Anthraquinone, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon containing two opposite carbonyl groups (C=O) at 9,10 position, is yellow or light gray to gray-green crystal powder; insoluble in water. , In nature, it occurs in plants (aloe, cascara sagrada, senna, and rhubarb), fungi, lichens, and insects as a parent material for coloring of yellow, orange, red, red-brown, or violet. It is commercially produced by several ways including by oxidation of anthracene with chromic acid, the condensation of benzene and phthalic anhydride, followed by dehydration for cyclization, and diene Diels-Alder reaction. Anthraquinone is the most important quinone derivative of anthracene as the parent substance of a large class of dyes and pigments. One of the oldest mordant dye, alizarin, is the anthraquinone derivative. Anthraquinone is a starting material for the production of coloring compounds, antioxidants, and polymerization inhibitors. Its derivatives are widely used as intermediates for dyes, pigments, photographic chemicals, and paints. Anthraquinone is used in paper industry as a catalyst to increase the pulp production yield and to improves the fiber strength through reduction reaction of cellulose to carboxylic acid. Natural anthraquinones have cathartic properties. Anthraquinones derivatives are also used in manufacturing drugs. Mitoxantrone, an antineoplastic is an example. Quinizarin, 1,4-Dihydroxyanthraquinone, is used as an intermediate for the synthesis of indanthrene and alizarin dyestuffs. It is also used to form lakes with calcium, barium, and lead. Alizarin is 1,2-Dihydroxyanthraquinone. Chrysazin is 1,8-Dihydroxyanthraquinone. Chrysazin is called d anthron when used as a cathartic. It was used as a stimulant laxative to treat constipation. But it is no longer widely used due to its potential to cause cancer. 2,6-Dihydroxyanthraquinone is called anthraflavic Acid. Dihydroxyanthraquinone molecules include:

SALES SPECIFICATION

APPEARANCE

orange or red crystalline powder

CONTENT

95.0% min

MELTING POINT

194 - 195 C

WATER 1.0% max

TRANSPORTATION

PACKING

HAZARD CLASS

UN NO. Not regulated

SAFETY INFORMATION

HAZARD OVERVIEW

Eye irritation, Skin sensitization

GHS

SIGNAL WORD Warning

PICTOGRAMS

HAZARD STATEMENTS

H317

P STATEMENTS

P280

EC DIRECTIVES

HAZARD CODES

RISK PHRASES

36 Irritating to eyes
43 May cause sensitisation by skin contact

SAFETY PHRASES

24 Avoid contact with skin