o-CHLOROBENZOTRIFLUORIDE

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION

CAS NO.

88-16-4

o-CHLOROBENZOTRIFLUORIDE

EINECS NO. 201-805-1
FORMULA ClC6H4CF3
MOL WT. 180.55
H.S. CODE 2903.69
TOXICITY  
SYNONYMS

1-Chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-Benzene; OCBTF;

o-(Trifluoromethyl)chlorobenzene; o-Trifluoromethylphenyl chloride; 2-chloro(trifluoromethyl) Benzene; 2-Chlorobenzotrifluoride o-chloro-alpha,alpha,alpha-Trifluorotoluene;
SMILES
 

CLASSIFICATION

 

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

PHYSICAL STATE

Clear liquid

MELTING POINT -7 C
BOILING POINT 152 C
SPECIFIC GRAVITY

1.379

SOLUBILITY IN WATER

 

SOLVENT SOLUBILITY

 

AUTOIGNITION > 650 C
pH  
VAPOR DENSITY  

AUTOIGNITION

 

REFRACTIVE INDEX

1.4560

NFPA RATINGS Health: 1 ; Flammability: 2 ; Reactivity: 0
FLASH POINT

44 C

STABILITY

Stable under ordinary conditions

GENERAL DESCRIPTION & APPLICATIONS

When substituted benzene molecules undergo electrophilic substitution reactions, substituents on a benzene ring can influence the reactivity. Activating substituents that activate the benzene ring toward electrophilic attack can alter the reaction rate or products by electronically or sterically affecting the interaction of the two reactants. deactivating substituents removes electron density from the benzene ring, making electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions slower and more difficult than benzene itself. For example, a hydroxy or methoxy substituent in phenol and anisole increases the rate of electrophilic substitution, while a nitro substituent decreases the ring's reactivity. Electron donating substituents activate the benzene ring toward electrophilic attack, and electron withdrawing substituents deactivate the ring, making it less reactive to electrophilic attack. The strongest activating substituents are the amino (-NH2) and hydroxyl (-OH) groups.

Reactivity Effects

Activating substituents

Deactivating substituents

Strong

-NH2, -NHR, -NR2, -OH, -O-

-NO2, -NR3+, -CF3, CCl3

Moderate

-NHCOCH3, -NHCOR, -OCH3,-OR

-CN, -SO3H, -COOH, -COOR, -COH, -COR

Weak

-CH3, -C2H5, -R, -C6H5

-F, -Cl, -Br, -I

Toluene, aniline and phenol are activated aromatic compounds. Examples of deactivated aromatic compounds are nitrobenzene, benzaldehyde and halogenated benzenes.

Activating substituents generally direct substitution to the ortho and para positions where substitutions must take place. With some exceptions, deactivating substituents direct to the meta position. Deactivating substituents which orient ortho and para- positions are the halogens (-F, -Cl, -Br, -I) and -CH2Cl, and -CH=CHNO2

When disubstituted benzene molecules undergo electrophilic substitution reactions, a new substituent is directed depends on the orientation of the existing substituents and their individual effects; whether the groups have cooperative or antagonistic directing effects. Ortho position is the most reactive towards electrophile due to the highest electron density ortho positions. But this increased reactivity is countervailed by steric hindrance between substituent and electrophile.

A nucleophilic substitution is a substitution reaction which the nucleophile displaces a good leaving group, such as a halide on an aromatic ring. This mechanism is called SNAr ( the two-step addition-elimination mechanism), where electron withdrawing substituents activate the ring towards nucleophilic attack. Addition-elimination reactions usually occur at sp2 or sp hybridized carbon atoms, in contrast to SN1 and SN2 at sp3. Chloro and bromobenzene reacts with the very strong base sodium amide (NaNH2) to give good yields of aniline. Other nucleophilic aromatic substitution mechanisms include benzyne mechanism and free radical (SRN1) mechanism.

Common reactions of substituent groups on benzene ring include:
  • Conversion of halogens into other various substituents
  • Modifying activating substituents
  • Oxidative degradation of alkyl chain
  • Reduction of nitro or carbonyl substituents
  • Reversibility of the aromatic sulfonation reaction
SALES SPECIFICATION

APPEARANCE

Clear liquid

ASSAY (G.C.)

99.0% min

TRANSPORTATION
PACKING 250kgs in plastic drum
HAZARD CLASS 3 (Packing group : III)
UN NO. 2234
OTHER INFORMATION
Hazard Symbols: XI, Risk Phrases: 10-36/37/38, Safety Phrases: 9-16-24/25-28A-33/37/45