CARVACROL
1-Hydroxy-2-methyl-5-isopropylbenzene; 1-Methyl-2-hydroxy-4-isopropylbenzene; 2-Hydroxy-p-cymene; 2-Methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)phenol; 2-Methyl-5-isopropylphenol; 2-p-Cymenol; p-Cymen-2-ol; 3-Isopropyl-6-methylphenol; 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol; 5-Isopropyl-o-cresol; o-Thymol; Antioxine; 6-Methyl-3-isopropylphenol; Isopropyl-o-cresol; Karvakrol; FEMA No. 2245;

CARVACROL
 

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION

CAS RN

499-75-2

EINECS RN

 207-889-6

FORMULA

 (CH3)2CHC6H3(CH3)OH

MOLE WEIGHT

 150.22

SMILES

c1(cc(c(C)cc1)O)C(C)C

H.S.CODE

2907.19.1000

CLASSIFICATION

Fungicide, Bactericide, Preservative, Flavors and Fragrances

 

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

PHYSICAL STATE

Colorless to yellow liquid

MELTING POINT

 1 C

BOILING POINT

 236 - 238 C

DENSITY

 0.976

SOLUBILITY IN WATER

1250 mg/l

pH

 
log Pow 3.49 (Octanol-water)
OH RATE 9.95E-11 (cm3/molecule-sec at 25 C Atmospheric)

VAPOR DENSITY

 

REFRACTIVE INDEX

1.523

FLASH POINT

 

 
STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
STABILITY Stable under normal conditions.

INCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS

Strong oxidizing agents, Strong bases.
DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS carbon oxides
POLYMERIZATION Has not been reported

NFPA RATINGS

Health: 3; Flammability: 1; Reactivity: 0

 

SAFETY

HAZARD NOTES

Corrosive. Harmful if swallowed. Causes burns.

EYE

Causes burns

SKIN

Causes burns

INGESTION

Harmful if swallowed.

INHALATION

Material is extremely destructive to the tissue of the mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract. May be harmful if inhaled.
TOXICITY Rat LD50 (Oral): 810mg/kg BEHAVIORAL: somnolence (general depressed activity), convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

 

TRANSPORT & REGULATORY INFORMATION

UN NO.

 3265
HAZARD CLASS

8
PACKING GROUP

III

HAZARD SYMBOL

C

RISK PHRASES

 22-34

SAFETY PHRASES

26-36/37/39-45

 

GENERAL DESCRIPTION & EXTERNAL LINKS

(http://www.henriettesherbal.com/)
Carvacrol, or isopropyl-o-cresol, C6H3CH3(OH)(C3H7), is the principal constituent of true oil of origanum, from Origanum hirtum and O. smyrnaeum. It may be prepared from carvone by treatment with acids, and also by heating camphor with iodine. It occurs as a thick colourless oil, which solidifies when cooled to a low temperature. Melting-point, 0.5°C. Boiling-point, about 240°C. Specific gravity, 0.980 to 0.983. Carvacrol is a powerful antiseptic. An iodide of carvacrol, in the form of a light yellow or brownish powder, has been used as a substitute for iodoform.

(http://www.cababstractsplus.org/)
The effects of carvacrol, a natural biocide, on dual-species biofilms formed by Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium were investigated with a constant-depth film fermentor. Biofilm development reached a quasi-steady state in 12 days at 25°C with S. aureus predominance (~99%). Cryosectional analysis detected viable S. aureus and S. enterica serovar Typhimurium at depths of 320 and 180 µm from the film surface, respectively. Carvacrol pulses (1.0 mmol/h) inhibited S. aureus by 2.5 log CFU/biofilm during the early stages of film formation, ultimately causing a significant reduction (P<0.001) of the staphylococcal population at quasi-steady state. Initial carvacrol pulsing elicited a 3 log CFU/biofilm reduction in viable S. enterica serovar Typhimurium, and additional periodic carvacrol pulses instigated significant inhibition of salmonellae (1 to 2 log CFU/biofilm) during biofilm development. Carvacrol pulsing reduced protein levels fivefold (P<0.001) during initial biofilm development. Comparative studies with a peroxide-based commercial sanitizer (Spor-Klenz RTU) revealed that this commercial sanitizer was more biocidal than carvacrol during early biofilm development. When the biofilm reached quasi-steady state, however, periodic pulses with 1 mmol of carvacrol per h (P=0.021) elicited a significantly higher inhibition than Spor-Klenz RTU (P=0.772). Dual-species microcolonies formed under the influence of continuously fed low carvacrol concentrations (1.0 mmol/h) but failed to develop into a mature quasi-steady-state biofilm and did not reach any stage of film formation in the presence of high concentrations (5.0 mmol/h). These data show that carvacrol is an effective natural intervention to control dual-species biofilm formation.

 
Carvacrol is an isomer of thymol. It is used as a flavor ingredient and also as an antibacterial or antifungal agent. Thymol products include:

Product

CAS RN.

Moxisylyte

54-32-0
Thymol blue 76-61-9

Bromthymol blue

76-59-5
Racementhol 89-78-1
Thymol 89-83-8
Chlorothymol 89-68-9
Thymolphthalein 125-20-2
2,4-Dinitrothymol 303-21-9
p-Menthan-2-ol 499-69-4
Carvacrol 499-75-2
Thymol acetate 528-79-0
2-Thymotic acid 548-51-6
Thymol iodide 552-22-7
Moxisylyte hydrochloride 964-52-3
O-Methylthymol 1076-56-8
Methylthymol blue 1945-77-3
4-Iodothymol 2364-44-5
6-Nitrosothymol 2364-54-7
Carvacryl methylcarbamate 2752-71-8
o-Thymol 3228-04-4
o-Cymen-5y-ol 3228-02-2
2-Thymyloxytriethylamine 3562-20-7
Thymol methylcarbamate 3942-71-0
Thymol chloride 4395-80-6
Isothymol 4427-56-9
Ethyl carvacrol 4732-13-2
Carvasept 5665-94-1
Thymol thiocyanate 6074-31-3
Piperazinium thymol-6-sulphonate 6266-81-5
Carvacryl methyl ether 6379-73-3
Thymolphthalein monophosphate magnesium salt 10496-54-5
Dithymyltrichloroethane 13479-26-0
O,O-Dimethyl O-thymylphosphorothioate 15037-62-4
O-Carvacryl O,O-dimethylphosphorothioate 15043-63-7
Vermella 15062-34-7
Biclotymol 15686-33-6
5-(2-((2-Bromoethyl)ethylamino)ethoxy)carvacrol hydrobromide 16793-55-8
Deacetylmoxisylyte hydrochloride 16809-53-3
5-(2-(N-(2-Chloroethyl)-N-ethylamino)ethoxy)carvacrol acetate hydrochloride 16825-87-9
5-(2-(Dimethylamino)propoxy)carvacrol acetate hydrochloride 16825-88-0
Thymolphthalein monophosphate 17016-43-2
6-Chlorothymyl methylcarbamate 17578-41-5
O-(6-Chlorothymyl) O,O-dimethylphosphorothioate 18361-12-1
Thymol-beta-D-glucoside 20772-23-0
Morisylyte citrate 26162-66-3
Methyl chlorothymol 30894-16-7
6-Thiocyanocarvacrol 34523-01-8
Sodium bromothymol Blue 34722-90-2
2-((1-Hydroxy-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-trifluoromethyl)ethyl)-6-isopropyl-3-methyl cyclohexanol 34844-42-3
Deacetylmoxisylyte 35231-36-8
alpha-Thenoate bromo thymol 36050-29-0
alpha-Thenoate iodo thymol 36050-30-3
alpha-Thenoate chlorocarvacrol 36050-31-4
Ammonium thymolphthalein monophosphate 51027-02-2
Ethyl N-dimethyl ether of thymol fumarate 54420-04-1
Thymol blue monophosphate 60904-21-4
Thymolphthalein disodium salt 62637-89-2
Thymolphthalein phosphate disodium 62796-27-4
Sodium thymol blue 67763-23-9
Thymolphthalein monophosphate magnesium sodium salt 67953-09-7
2-Iodo-6-isopropyl-3-methyl-2',4,4'-trinitrodiphenyl ether 69311-70-2
2-Amino-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol thymolphthalein monophosphate 69847-47-8
Tris(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium thymol-6-sulphonate 71929-27-6
Demethyldeacetylmoxisylyte 72732-50-4
5-(2-(N,N-Dimethylamino)ethoxy)carvacrol benzylate 73771-68-3
5-(2-(N,N-Dimethylamino)ethoxy)carvacrol 2-nitrobenzylate HCl 73771-70-7
5-(2-(N-(2-Chloroethyl)-N-ethylamino)ethoxy)carvacrol 1,5-naphthalenedisulfonate 73771-66-1
5-(2-((2-Chloroethyl)ethylamino)ethoxy)carvacrol 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzylate HCl 73771-67-2
5-(2-(N,N-Dimethylamino)ethoxy)carvacrol p-bromobenzylate HCl 73771-69-4
5-(2-(N-(2-Chloroethyl)-N-ethylamino)ethoxy)carvacryl benzylate HCl 73790-26-8
Thymol amylose 79028-50-5
Demethyldeacetylthymoxamine hydrochloride 102281-02-7
Deacetylthymoxamine hydrochloride 102281-01-6
10-Acetoxy-8,9-epoxythymol isobutyrate 106009-86-3

 

SALES SPECIFICATION

APPEARANCE

 Colorless to yellow liquid

ASSAY

98.0% max

BOILING POINT

236 - 238 C

 

PACKING