D-PENICILLAMINE

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION

CAS RN

EINECS RN

FORMULA

MOLE WEIGHT

CHEMICAL FAMILY

alpha-Amino acid

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

PHYSICAL STATE

MELTING POINT

202 - 206 C (decomposes)

BOILING POINT

DENSITY

SOLUBILITY IN WATER

Freely soluble (slightly soluble in alcohol; insoluble in chloroform, in ether, in acetone, in benzene, and in carbon tetrachloride)

pH

4.5 - 5.5 (1% aqueous solution)

VAPOR DENSITY

REFRACTIVE INDEX

FLASH POINT

INCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS

Strong oxidizing agents

NOx, SOx

Will not occur.

NFPA RATINGS

Health: 2. Flammability: 1, Reactivity: 0

SAFETY

HAZARD NOTES

May cause irritation. Remove to fresh air.

EYE

May cause irritation. Flush with copious quantities of water.

SKIN

May cause irritation. Flush with copious quantities of water. This material may be absorbed through skin.

INGESTION

May cause irritation and a slightly bitter taste. Flush out mouth with water. This material is readily but incompletely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.

INHALATION

May be harmful if inhaled. Causes respiratory tract irritation.

CHRONIC

TRANSPORT & REGULATORY INFORMATION

UN NO.

HAZARD SYMBOL

XN

RISK PHRASES

63

SAFETY PHRASES

22-36/37/39-45

EXTERNAL LINKS & GENERAL DESCRIPTION

Wikipedia Linking: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penicillamine

Penicillamine is an antirheumatic drug used to treat patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. It also is classified as a metal binding (chelating) agent used for treating Wilson's disease, a genetic disease that causes excessive copper to accumulate in the body. The mechanism of action of penicillamine in rheumatoid arthritis is unknown but it may be related to reduction of collagen formation. (Collagen is a type of tissue that forms a part of scar tissue that results from inflammation) and suppression of the immune system. In patients with rheumatoid arthritis, penicillamine appears to slow the progression of the disease (specifically deformities of the joints) and improve function. For this reason it is considered a disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD). Penicillamine binds copper, iron, mercury, lead, and cystine which then are excreted in the urine, and this mechanism is important in treating several nonrheumatic diseases including Wilson's disease. The FDA approved penicillamine in December 1970. (http://www.medicinenet.com/)

D-penicillamine is a degradation product of penicillin. Only the d-isomer is used because l-isomer causes optic neuritis. It is slowly but adequately absorbed after oral administration. The drug gets metabolised in the body and is excreted in the urine and faeces. D-penicillamine is used in severe and active rheumatoid arthritis, it is used mainly as chelating agent in heavy metal poisoning as in lead, mercury and copper poisoning. It is used in Wilson's disease. (http://www.webhealthcentre.com/)

D-Penicillamine, usually referred to as penicillamine, (brand name D-Penamine) is a medicine used to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Occasionally it is used to treat other rheumatic diseases such as systemic sclerosis. Penicillamine should not be confused with the antibiotic penicillin, which is a different compound. Those who are allergic to penicillin may not necessarily be sensitive to penicillamine. While penicillamine can be very effective for some patients, it is used infrequently today as more effective medicines have become available. Penicillamine is an immunosuppressive medicine, which means that it works by reducing the activity of the immune system. (http://www.rheumatology.org.au/)

Therapeutic Classification:

• Antidote
• Antirheumatic agent
• Chelating agent

SALES SPECIFICATION

APPEARANCE

Pass tests (Optical Rotation, HPLC, TLC, Phosphotungstic acip darf)

ASSAY

pH

4.5 - 5.5 (1% aqueous solution)

1.0% max

0,1ppm max

ASH

0.1% max

HEAVY METALS

10ppm max

PRICE