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OXYTOCIN ACETATE HYDRATE |
| Synonyms. Oxytocin acetate; (1-Hemicystine)oxytocin; 3-Isoleucine-8-leucine vasopressin; Atonin O; Di-sipidin; Endopituitrina; L-Cysteinyl-L-tyrosyl-L-isoleucyl-L-glutaminyl-L-asparaginyl-L-cysteinyl-L-prolyl-L -leucylglycinamide cyclic (1-6)-disulfide; Nobitocin S; Ocytocinum; Orasthin; Ossitocina; Oxetakain; Oxitocina; Oxystin; Oxytocine; Oxytocinum; Partocon; Pitocin; Piton S; Presoxin; Synpitan; Syntocin; Syntocinon; Syntocinone; Utedrin; Uteracon; 3-L-isoleucine-8-L-leucine-vasopressin; alpha-Hypophamine; Posterior pituitary extract; Cys-Tyr-Ile-Gln-Asn-Cys-Pro-Leu-Gly-NH2 [Disulfide Bridge: 1-6]; |
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| PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION | |
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CAS RN |
50-56-6 (free base) |
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EINECS RN |
200-048-4 |
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FORMULA |
C43H66N12O12S2 |
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MOLE WEIGHT |
1007.19 |
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H.S CODE |
2937.19.0000 |
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SMILES |
CC[C@H](C)[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[ C@@H](CSSC [C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N1)Cc2ccc(cc2)O)N)C(=O)N3CCC [C@H]3C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N)CC (=O)N)CCC(=O)N |
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CLASSIFICATION |
Cyclic nonapeptide |
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EXTRA NOTES |
A potent synthetic long-acting agonist of gonadotropin-releasing hormone that regulates the synthesis and release of pituitary gonadotropins, luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone. A nonapeptide hormone released from the neurohypophysis (pituitary gland, posterior). it differs from vasopressin by two amino acids at residues 3 and 8. Oxytocin acts on smooth muscle cells, such as causing uterine contractions and milk ejection. Stimulates uterine contraction and lactation; increases Na+ excretion; stimulates myometrial GTPase and phospholipase C. |
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| PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES | |
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PHYSICAL STATE. |
white powder |
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MELTING POINT |
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BOILING POINT |
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DENSITY |
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SOLUBILITY IN WATER |
soluble (Very soluble in dilute solutions of acetic acid and of ethanol; soluble in butanol) |
| SOLVENT SOLUBILITY | |
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VAPOR DENSITY |
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log P(octanol-water) |
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VAPOR PRESSURE |
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AUTOIGNITION TEMP |
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REFRACTIVE INDEX |
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FLASH POINT |
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| STABILITY AND REACTIVITY | |
| STABILITY | Stable under normal conditions. |
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INCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS |
Strong acids, Strong bases |
| POLYMERIZATION |
Has not been reported |
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NFPA RATINGS |
Health: 2,Flammability:0, Reactivity: 0 |
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| EXTERNAL LINKS & GENERAL DESCRIPTION | |
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Wikipedia Linking: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxytocin Oxytocin is a hormone that helps relax and reduce blood pressure and cortisol levels. Oxytocin increases pain thresholds, has anti anxiety effects, and stimulates various types of positive social interaction. In addition, oxytocin promotes growth and healing. The nonapeptide oxytocin, originally known to stimulate labor and milk ejection, appears to play an important role stress and pain. Oxytocin can induce anti-stress-like effects such as reduction of blood pressure and cortisol levels. It increases pain thresholds, exerts an anxiolytic-like effect and stimulates various types of positive social interaction. In addition, it promotes growth and healing. Repeated exposure to oxytocin causes long-lasting effects by influencing the activity of other transmitter systems, a pattern which makes oxytocin potentially clinically relevant. Oxytocin can be released by various types of non-noxious sensory stimulation, for example by touch and warmth. Ingestion of food triggers oxytocin release by activation of vagal afferents. Most likely, oxytocin can also be released by stimulation of other senses such as olfaction, as well as by certain types of sound and light. In addition, purely psychological mechanisms may trigger the release of oxytocin. This means that positive interaction involving touch and psychological support may be health-promoting. The social interaction of daily life, as well as a positive environment, continuously activate this system. In addition, various types of psychotherapy involving transfer of support, warmth and empathy are likely to induce similar effects, which thus contribute to the positive effects of these kinds of therapies. (http://www.raysahelian.com/) Oxytocin in a nine amino acid peptide that is synthesized in hypothalamic neurons and transported down axons of the posterior pituitary for secretion into blood. Oxytocin is also secreted within the brain and from a few other tissues, including the ovaries and testes. Oxytocin differs from antidiuretic hormone in two of the nine amino acids. Both hormones are packaged into granules and secreted along with carrier proteins called neurophysins. (http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/)Oxytocin, derived from the Greek words oxus, meaning sharp, and tokos, meaning childbirth, is a peptide hormone consisting of nine amino acids (Mitchell et al, 1998, Engstrom, 2002). The amino acids are: NH2 – Gly – Leu – Pro – Cys – Asn – Gln – Ile – Tyr – Cys, with a disulfide linkage between the two Cys residues (Messer, 2000). This hormone, to date, is the most potent stimulant of uterine contractions in mammals, and is administered in the clinical setting to induce labor (Serradeil-Le Gal et al, 2004). Oxytocin is produced in the paraventricular and supraoptical nuclei of the hypothalamus, and stored in the posterior pituitary gland (Engstrom, 2002). Cervical distension within the uterus causes an action potential to travel to the hypothalamus, signaling the production and release of oxytocin (Blanks et al, 2003). During pregnancy, the quantity of oxytocin produced by the hypothalamus increases by roughly 50% (Russell et al, 1998, Blanks et al, 2003). Once in circulation, it travels through the blood to its target site. Oxytocin has a half-life of 5-15 minutes in circulation, after which it is degraded in the liver by oxytocinase (Engstrom, 2002). In addition, oxytocin is synthesized locally within the epithelium of the uterus (endometrium) (Blanks et al, 2003). Local and hypothalamic oxytocin leads to myometrial contractions, which ultimately leads to the expulsion of the young (parturition) (Russell et al, 1998, Blanks et al, 2003). (http://web.sau.edu/)
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| SALES SPECIFICATION |
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APPEARANCE |
white to off-white crystalline powder |
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IDENTIFICATION |
Amino
acid analysis |
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PEPTIDE CONTENT |
93.0 - 102.0% |
| ACETIC ACID/ESTER | 6.0 - 10.0% |
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WATER |
5.0% max |
| RESIDUE ON IGNITION |
0.1% max |
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MICROBIOLOGY |
Total
Viable counts: 100 CFU/g max |
| RESIDUAL SOLVENTS |
Acetonitril: 0.05%
max Ethanol: 0.5% max Isopropyl Alcohol: 0.5% max |
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| TRANSPORT & REGULATORY INFORMATION | |
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UN NO. |
Not known |
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| SAFETY INFORMATION |
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HAZARD OVERVIEW |
Target Organ Effect. Target Organs: Cardiovascular system., Uterus. Not a dangerous substance or mixture according to the Globally Harmonised System (GHS). |
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GHS |
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SIGNAL WORD |
Danger |
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PICTOGRAMS |
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HAZARD STATEMENTS |
H300 |
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P STATEMENTS |
P264-P301 + P310 |
| EC DIRECTIVES |
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| HAZARD CODES |
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RISK PHRASES |
22-36 |
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SAFETY PHRASES |
26 |
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| PACKING |
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