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Alkanolamines have the combined physical and chemical characteristics of both
alcohols and amines in one molecule, which makes them useful intermediates in
the synthesis of various target molecules for the use in many diverse areas such
as pharmaceutical, urethane catalysts, coatings, personal care, products, Water
treatments, corrosion inhibitors, and gas treating industries. There are 1°, 2º
or 3º nitrogen atom and one hydroxyl group at least in alkanolamines.
Alkanolamines react with inorganic acids carboxylic acids to form salts, soaps,
esters, or amides. Alkanolamines are used in both water- based and solvent-based
coatings to enhance the solubility, reducibility, pigment dispersing and pH
stability. They are used in cathodic electrodeposition systems and as a catalyst
for chain-extend. Alkanolamines are used to prepare surface-active soaps through
reaction with fatty acids. Surface-active soaps are used commercially as a
emulsifier, lubricants, detergents, pesticides and personal care products.
Alkanolamines maintain a constant alkalinity in the boiling water flows and
condensate not to form solid products which would impede line flow. This
function is applied for corrosion Inhibits. Alkanolamines are widely employed in
the preparation of water soluble cationic flocculants and ion exchange resins
which adsorb solid and colloidal particles by electrostatic attraction. They are
used for water treatment industry. Alkanolamines and their derivatives are
widely used as intermediates for the production of active pharmaceutical
ingredients such as procaine, antihistamines analgesics from
N,N-dimethylethanolamine or N-methyldiethanolamine. Alkanolamines are used to
remove Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and CO2 gas from gas streams in natural and
refinery gas operations.
N-methyldiethanolamine
is used as an extraction solvent to
remove hydrogen sulfides
selectively like H2S, COS, CO2 in refineries, ammonia
plants, natural gas plants (typically permit 60% to 80%
of the carbon dioxide remain in the treated gas stream) and as a precursor for fabric
softeners. It is used as an intermediate
for agricultural chemicals, emulsifiers,
textile auxiliaries, corrosion inhibitors,
dyes, coatings, pharmaceuticals.
It is used as a catalyst for polyurethane
foam production. |
