AMINOPHYLLINE (THEOPHYLLINE HEMIETHYLENEDIAMINE)

AMINOPHYLLINE
PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
CAS NO.	317-34-0
EINECS NO.	206-264-5
FORMULA	C₁₆H₂₄N₁₀O₄
MOL WT.	420.43
H.S. CODE
SMILES
TOXICITY
SYNONYMS	Theophylline hemiethylenediamine complex;
combination mixture of 3,7-dihydro-1,3-dimethyl-1H-Purine-2,6-dione with 1,2-ethanediamine (2:1); Phyllocontin;
CLASSIFICATION	BRONCHODILATOR AGENTS / VASODILATOR AGENTS / METHYLATED XANTHINE / PHOSPHODIESTERASE INHIBITORS /
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
PHYSICAL STATE	white to slightly yellow powder or granular
MELTING POINT	269 - 270 C
BOILING POINT
SPECIFIC GRAVITY
SOLUBILITY IN WATER	Soluble in hot water (insoluble in alcohol)
pH
VAPOR DENSITY
AUTOIGNITION
NFPA RATINGS	Health: 2 Flammability: 0 Reactivity: 0
REFRACTIVE INDEX
FLASH POINT
STABILITY	Stable under ordinary conditions
APPLICATIONS
Theophylline, structurally 1,3-Dimethylxanthine, is a white crystalline powder with a bitter taste; found in tea leaves and prepared synthetically. Chemical designation is 1,3-Dimethyl-2,6-dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropurine. Theophylline, its salts, and its derivatives (examples are aminophylline, oxtriphylline) are bronchodilators which relaxe and open the air passages to the lungs to increase the flow of air through them, and thus are used in the treatment and/or prevention of symptoms of bronchial asthma and of reversible bronchospasm associated with chronic bronchitis and emphysema. They are used as muscle relaxants, central nervous system and cardiac muscle stimulants. Main derivatives include: Aminophylline: combination mixture of theophylline and ethylenediamine; used as a bronchodilator, diuretic agent and smooth muscle relaxant. Oxtriphylline: Choline theophyllinate (the choline salt of theophylline); administered orally. Theophylline Calcium Salicylate: an equimolar mixture of theophylline calcium and calcium salicylate; administered orally. Theophylline Sodium Glycinate: an equimolar mixture of theophylline sodium and glycine buffered with an additional mole of glycine and yielding 44.5 to 47.3 per cent anhydrous theophylline; administered orally. Theophylline Ephedrine: combination mixture of theophylline and ephedrine; to decongest the nasal allergic states, to relax bronchiolar muscles, to stimulate central nervous system in narcolepsy and in poisoning by central nervous system depressants; to prevent hypotension during spinal and infiltration anesthesia.
SALES SPECIFICATION (BP/USP)
APPEARANCE	white to slightly yellow powder or granular
ASSAY	84.0-87.4% (Theophylline) + 13.5- 15.0% (Ethylenediamine)
IDENTIFICATION	Complies
SULFATED ASH	0.1% max
SOLUTION CLARITY	GY6 max
INDIVIDUAL IMPURITY	0.5% max
HEAVY METALS	20ppm max
TRANSPORTATION
PACKING	25kgs in fiber drum
HAZARD CLASS
UN NO.
OTHER INFORMATION
`Hazard Symbols: XN, Risk Phrases: 22`, `Safety Phrases: 22-24/25`
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF METHYLATED XANTHINE
Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) is a principle member of methylated xanthine alkaloid. Examples of structurally similar substance are theobromine (3,7-dimethylxanthine) and theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine). Xanthine is a product on the pathway in the degradation of adenosine monophosphate to uric acid by the action of the xanthine oxidase enzyme. Xanthine also occurs complexed with ribose as xanthose. Methylated xanthines are used medicinally as a bronchodilator and as a vasodilator. They stimulates the heart and central nervous system, dilates bronchi and blood vessels, and causes diuresis. Caffeine is soluble in water and alcohol. It can be obtainable from coffee, tea, yerba mate, and guarana. It acts as an natural insecticide to protect plant themselves. Caffeine is used a central nervous system stimulant, diuretic and chemosterilant agent against stored grain pests. It is also used in the treatment of shock, asthma and heart disease. It is used for cardiac irritation, as a respiratory stimulant and diuretic in veterinary medicines. Theobromine has a weaker diuretic activity than theophylline and a different stimulant effects on the human body from caffeine. Theobromine is a mild and lasting stimulant with a mood improving effect, whereas caffeine is a powerful and immediate effect with an awareness increase. Caffeine was synthesized by methylation of theobromine but now recovered from the solvents used in the preparation of decaffeinated coffee. Theobromine was formerly used as a diuretic and in the treatment of angina pectoris and hypertension. Pentoxifylline, chemically 1-(5-oxohexyl)-3, 7-dimethylxanthine, is a drug which inhibits phosphodiesterase and affects blood rheology.
PRICE INFORMATION