CHLORAMPHENICOL

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION

CAS NO. 56-75-7

CHLOROAMPHENICOL

EINECS NO. 200-287-4
FORMULA C11H12Cl2N2O5
MOL WT. 323.13

H.S. CODE

 

TOXICITY

 
SYNONYMS
Chloromycetin;
(-)-threo-2,2-Dichloro-N-[beta-hydroxy-alpha-(hydroxymethyl)-beta- (4-nitrophenyl)ethyl] acetamide; D-threo-N-(1,1'-dihydroxy-1-p-nitrophenylisopropyl) dichloroacetamide;  D-(-)-threo-1-(p-nitrophenyl)- 2-dichloroacetamido- 1,3-propanediol; 2,2-Dichloro-N-[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethyl] acetamide; D-(-)-threo- 2,2-Dichloro-N-[beta-hydroxy-alpha- (hydroxy-methyl)-p- nitrophenethyl] acetamide; D-threo-N-(1,1'-dihydroxy-1-p-nitrophenylisopropyl) dichloroacetamide;
SMILES

 

CLASSIFICATION

 

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

PHYSICAL STATE white to off-white crystalline powder
MELTING POINT 148 - 150 C
BOILING POINT  
SPECIFIC GRAVITY

 

SOLUBILITY IN WATER Slightly soluble
pH  
VAPOR DENSITY

 

REFRACTIVE INDEX

 

NFPA RATINGS

 

AUTOIGNITION

 

FLASH POINT

 

STABILITY Stable under ordinary conditions.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION & APPLICATIONS

Chloramphenicol is a relatively simple structure broad-spectrum antibiotic which is effective against rickettsiae, gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and certain spirochetes by inhibiting translation on the 50S ribosomal subunit at the peptidyltransferase step (elongation inhibition). It was originally isolated from a species of streptomyces bacteria and other spirochetes later, but is produced synthetically. Because of its toxicity and side-effect, it should only be used for serious infections in which other medicines do not work; should not be used for colds, flu, other virus infections, sore throats or other minor infections, or to prevent infections. It is used especially in the treatment of typhus and other rickettsial infections and in typhoid, shigellosis, and related enteric diseases. Chloramphenicol is used in biological research of protein synthesis. It is a greenish white or yellowish white needle-like solid; slightly soluble in water and ether; soluble in alcohol; melting point 148-150 C. Its chemical designation is D(-)-threo-2,2-Dichloro-N-[beta-hydroxy-alpha-(hydroxymethyl)- beta-(4-nitrophenyl)ethyl] acetamide or D-(-)-threo-1-(p-nitrophenyl)-2-dichloro acetamido-1,3-propanediol.
  • Chloramphenicol palmitate: the palmitic ester of chloramphenicol, administered orally.
  • Chloramphenicol sodium succinate: the sodium succinate derivative of chloramphenicol, administered intravenously.
  • Thiamphenicol: a methylsulfonyl analog of chloramphenicol
  • Florfenicol: a fluorinated analog of thiamphenicol
  • SALES SPECIFICATION

    APPEARANCE

    white to off-white crystalline powder

    IDENTIFICATION

    Complies

    ASSAY

    99.0 - 101.0%

    OPTICAL ROTATION

    +19° (C=4.9 in EtOH)

    HEAVY METALS

    20ppm max

    SULFATED ASH

    0.1% max

    LOSS ON DRYING

    0.5% max

    CHLORIDE

    0.1% max

    TRANSPORTATION
    PACKING
     
    HAZARD CLASS  
    UN NO. 1851
    OTHER INFORMATION
    Hazard Symbols: T, Risk Phrases: 45-42/43, Safety Phrases: 53-36/37-45
    Other CAS RN: 137731-90-9; 15313-32-3; 55172-72-0; 59112-59-3; 85666-84-8
    PRICES

    Click to open the table