PIROXICAM

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION

CAS NO.

 36322-90-4

PIROXICAM

EINECS NO. 252-974-3
FORMULA C15H13N3O4S
MOL WT. 331.35

H.S. CODE

  

TOXICITY

  
SYNONYMS Candyl; Feldene; Fensaid;
4-Hydroxy-2-methyl-N-2-pyridinyl-2H-1,2-Benzothiazine-3-carboxamide-1,1-dioxide;
SMILES

 

CLASSIFICATION

  

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
PHYSICAL STATE white to off-white crystalline powder with bitter taste
MELTING POINT 240 - 245 C
BOILING POINT  
SPECIFIC GRAVITY  
SOLUBILITY IN WATER sparingly soluble
pH  
VAPOR DENSITY

 

AUTOIGNITION

 

NFPA RATINGS

  

REFRACTIVE INDEX

  
FLASH POINT

 

STABILITY Stable under ordinary conditions.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION & APPLICATIONS
Piroxicam is a NSAID (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug) of oxicam class which doesn't have carboxylic group but acid due to the enolic 4-hydroxy substituent. It has a long plasma half-life and used for once-a-day treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. It is a Cyclooxygenase inhibitor. It shows to be effective in the chomoprevention of colon cancer. It is a white crystalline solid; sparingly soluble in water, dilute acid and organic solvents; slightly soluble in alcohols and in aqueous alkalines. Chemically, it is described as 4-Hydroxy-2-methyl-N-2-pyridinyl-2H-1,2-benzothiazine-3-carboxamide 1,1-dioxide.

Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs); chemically heterogeneous large groups of drugs which suppress inflammation in a manner similar to steroids, but less side effects of sedation, respiratory depression, or addiction than steroids. They are widely used for the treatment of inflammatory disorders and painful conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis, painful menstruation, and headache. They are effective in the relief of pain and fever. NSAIDs inhibit the cyclooxygenase (COX) activity resulting in decreased synthesis of prostaglandin, leukotriene and thromboxane precursors such as the ubiquitous enzyme which catalyzes the initial step in the synthesis of prostanoids. Prostanoid is any of a group of C-20 fatty acids complex with an internal five or six carbon rings such as prostaglandins, prostanoic acid, prostacyclins, and thromboxane; derived from arachidonic acid (C-20 polyunsaturated fatty acid with four cis double bonds). The action or the synthesis of prostanoids are involved in the modulation of a variety of pathophysiologic processes including inflammation, hemostasis, thrombosis, cytoprotection,  ulceration, hemodynamics and other the progression of kidney diseases. Thus, NSAIDs as non-selective inhibitors of the cyclooxygenases (both the cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 isoenzymes) may have beneficial as well as untoward effects on a variety of human diseases. Low stomach prostanoid levels caused by COX-1 inhibitors can result in ulceration and internal bleeding and perforation. The selective COX-2 inhibitors such as oxicam, meloxicam, and coxibs (celecoxib, rofecoxib, valdecoxib, parecoxib and etoricoxib) do not interfere with COX-1. The most prominent NSAID is aspirin. Nonaspirin NSAIDs can be classified based on chemical structures.

Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAID) by chemical structure

  • Carboxylic Acid Groups
    • Salicylates (Acetylsalicylate, Choline salicylate, Diflunisal, Magnesium choline salicylate, Magnesium salicylate, Salsalate)
    • Acetic Acids (Bendazac, Diclofenac, Etodolac, Indomethacin, Ketorolac, Nabumetone, Sulindac, Tolmetin)
    • Propionic acids (Carprofen, Fenoprofen, Flurbiprofen, Ibuprofen, Ketoprofen, Loxoprofen, Naproxen, Naproxen sodium, Oxaprozin, Vedaprofen)
    • Anthranilic acids (Meclofenamic acid, Meclofenamate sodium, Tolfenamic acid)
    • Phenylacetic acids
    • Aminonicotinic acids (Flunixin)
    • Indole Analogs (Indomethacin, Nabumetone, Ketorolac, Etodolac,)
  • Enolic Acid Groups (which doesn't have carboxylic group but acid due to the enolic hydroxy substituent)
    • Pyrazolones (Phenylbutazone, Oxyphenbutazone, Dipyrone, Ramifenazone)
    • Oxicams (Meloxicam, Piroxicam, Tenoxicam)
  • Coxibs
    • Celecoxib, Rofecoxib, Valdecoxib, Parecoxib, Etoricoxib
  • Gold Salts
    • Auranofin, Gold sodium thiomalate, Aurothioglucose
SALES SPECIFICATION (USP24)

APPEARANCE

 white to off-white crystalline powder

ASSAY (HPLC)

 97.5% - 102.5%

IDENTIFICATION

Complies

MELTING POINT

240 - 245 C

LOSS ON DRYING

0.5% max

OPTICAL ROTATION

+210° ~ +217°
HEAVY METALS

20ppm max
TRANSPORTATION
PACKING

 

HAZARD CLASS 6.1 (Packing Group: III)
UN NO. 2811
OTHER INFORMATION
Hazard Symbols: XN, Risk Phrases: 22, Safety Phrases: 26-36



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