SIROLIMUS

23,27-Epoxy-3H-pyrido[2,1-c][1,4]oxaazacyclohentriacontine; (-)-Rapamycin; Antibiotic AY 22989; Rapammune; Rapamune; Rapamycin;  (3S,6R,7E,9R,10R,12R,14S,15E,17E,19E,21S,23S,26R, 27R,34aS)- 9,10,12,13,14,21,22,23,24,25,26,27, 32,33,34,34a-Hexadecahydro-9,27-dihydroxy-3-((1R)-2-((1S,3R,4R)- 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycyclohexyl)- 1-methylethyl)-10,21-dimethoxy-6,8,12,14,20,26-hexamethyl-23,27- epoxy- 3H-pyrido(2,1-c)(1,4) oxaazacyclohentriacontine-1,5,11,28,29 (4H,6H,31H)pentone;

SIROLIMUS

 

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION

CAS RN

53123-88-9

EINECS RN

 

FORMULA

C51H79NO13

MOLE WEIGHT

914.17

SOURCE

Streptomyces hygroscopicus

CLASSIFICATION

Antibiotic / Immunosuppressant / Macrolide compound

 

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

PHYSICAL STATE

pale yellow crystalline power

MELTING POINT

183 - 185 C

BOILING POINT

 

DENSITY

 

SOLUBILITY IN WATER

Insoluble (soluble in DMSO)

pH

 

VAPOR DENSITY

 

REFRACTIVE INDEX

 

FLASH POINT

 

 

STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
STABILITY Stable under normal conditions

INCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS

Strong oxidizing agents.

DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS

Carbon oxides. nitrogen oxides.

POLYMERIZATION Has not been reported

NFPA RATINGS

Health: 1 Flammability: 1 Reactivity: 0

 

POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS

HAZARD NOTES

Target Organs: Immune system

EYE

May cause eye irritation.

SKIN

May be harmful if absorbed through skin. May cause skin irritation.

INGESTION

May be harmful if swallowed.

INHALATION

May be harmful if inhaled. May cause respiratory tract irritation.

TARGET ORGANS

Immune system

 

TRANSPORT & REGULATORY INFORMATION

UN NO.

 
HAZARD CLASS

 

PACKING GROUP

 

HAZARD SYMBOL

 

RISK PHRASES

 

SAFETY PHRASES

22-24/25

 

EXTERNAL LINKS & GENERAL INFORMATION
Sirolimus (rapamycin, Rapamune®) is an immunosuppressant that inhibits cytokine-stimulated T-cell proliferation. Sirolimus acts by forming a complex with FK-binding protein-12 which in turn binds to mTOR kinase, a specific cell cycle regulatory protein, thereby inhibiting mTOR action. mTOR inhibition prevents cell cycle progression from G1 to S phase in T-cells and, thus, T-cell proliferation. mTOR inhibition is a different mechanism of action than that of calcineurin-inhibiting agents such as cyclosporine (CsA), a fact that may account for the synergistic effect of sirolimus/CsA combined therapy following renal transplant. Sirolimus is currently recommended for use in conjunction with cyclosporine (and corticosteroids) to reduce or prevent graft rejection by the host. Sirolimus dose-related side effects include increased serum levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and creatinine and decreased glomerular filtration rate. Hypertension, rash, anemia, arthralgia, diarrhea, hypokalemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia also may occur. (http://www.questdiagnostics.com/)

Rapamycin, also known as sirolimus, is an FDA-approved antibiotic and immunosuppressant. It is already being used in organ transplant patients and is currently being tested in phase II and III clinical trials in cancer patients for its antitumor activity. Rapamycin inhibits the activity of a protein called mTOR which, among its other functions, inhibits a process called autophagy. Autophagy is the process by which a cell breaks down its own molecules and other components that are no longer needed. Since mTOR functions to inhibit autophagy, by inhibiting mTOR, rapamycin promotes autophagy, allowing for the breakdown of unnecessary components of the cell. Researchers have shown in fly and mouse models of HD that by inducing autophagy, rapamycin helps nerve cells break down huntingtin aggregates. Whether these protein aggregates are a cause or result of the HD disease process is not yet known. However, nerve cells that build up huntingtin aggregates in the brains of people with HD often die. (To read more about huntingtin protein aggregation and its role in HD, click here.) Thus, rapamycin may help prevent cell death by helping nerve cells clear out huntingtin aggregates. Rapamycin could be an especially promising treatment if started before or shortly after the onset of symptoms in people with HD, when the levels of huntingtin aggregates in the nerve cells are still manageable. (http://www.stanford.edu/)

Pharmacological actions:

  • Antiinfective
  • Antibiotic
  • Antineoplastic
  • Antifungal
  • Immunosuppressant

 

SALES SPECIFICATION

APPEARANCE

white to yellow crystalline powder

IDENTIFICATION

pass Test A,B,C

ASSAY

98.0 - 102.0%

STEROISOMER

cis-Sirolimus 5.0% max

SOLVENT RESIDUES

Ethanol :5000ppm max
Ethyl acetate: 5000ppm max
Ether: 1000ppm max
Acetone: 5000ppm max

IMPURITIES

Individual impurity: 1.0% max
Total impurities: 2.0% max

LOSS ON DRYING

0.5% max

HEAVY METALS

20ppm max

 

PRICE INFORMATION

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