alpha-PINENE (TERPENE HYDROCARBON)

alpha-PINENE

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION

CAS NO.

80-56-8
7785-70-8 (+)-alpha-Pinene
7785-26-4 (-)-alpha-Pinene

alpha-PINENE

EINECS NO. 201-291-9, 219-445-9

FORMULA C₁₀H₁₆

MOL WT. 136.24

H.S. CODE 2902.19

TOXICITY

SYNONYMS Pin-2(3)-ene Pin-2(3)-eno (Spanish) Pin-2(3)-è ne (French)

2,6,6-Trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene; 2-Pinene; Pinene; Acintene A; 4,6,6-Trimethylbicyklo(3,1,1)hept-3-en; alpha-(+)-Pinene; Terpene hydrocarbon; Other RN: 2437-95-8

SMILES C12C(C(C1)CC=C2C)(C)C

CLASSIFICATION

Flavor, Monoterpene

EXTRA NOTES

UN2368 [Flammable liquid]
beta-Pinene is also available; used in manufacture of camphor, insecticides, solvents, plasticizers, perfume bases, synthetic pine oil; can be irritating to skin, mucous membranes; an insect attractants.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

PHYSICAL STATE Clear liquid

MELTING POINT

-62 C

BOILING POINT 154 -156 C

SPECIFIC GRAVITY 0.855 - 0.860

SOLUBILITY IN WATER Insoluble (soluble in alcohol, chloroform, ether)

VAPOR DENSITY

AUTOIGNITION

255 C

NFPA RATINGS

Health: 1 Flammability: 2 Reactivity: 0

REFRACTIVE INDEX

1.4657

FLASH POINT

33 C

STABILITY Stable under ordinary conditions

EXTERNAL LINKS & GENERAL DESCRIPTION

Wikipedia Linking

Google Scholar Search

Drug Information Portal (U.S. National Library of Medicine) - alpha-Pinene

PubChem Compound Summary - alpha-Pinene

KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) - alpha-Pinene

http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/ - alpha-Pinene

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ - alpha-Pinene

Material Safety Data Sheet

Local:
Turpentine is a semi-fluid substance consisting of two principal components, spirits of turpentine (volatile portion also known as oil of turpentine or turps ) and a type of rosin (nonvolatile portion also known as colophony). Turpentine is exuded from coniferous trees. The crude turpentine is distilled through steam into commercial turpentine, oil of turpentine. The pure turpentine oil is a transparent oily liquid with a penetrating odor and a characteristic taste. Turpentine is not a pure substance but a complex mixture of terpenes, particularly large proportion of pinene (bicyclic monoterpenic hydrocarbon), a compound from which camphor is manufactured. Terpene is a class of naturally occurring unsaturated hydrocarbons whose carbon skeletons are composed exclusively of isoprene C5 units (CH₂=C(CH₃)-CH=CH₂), consisting of five carbon atoms attached to eight hydrogen atoms (C₅H₈). The stepwise distillation with water and carbonates yields terpenes. The most abundant monoterpene is pinene. There are two isomerers called alpha (or beta) pinene. The alpha form boils at 156-160 C, and of the beta form boils at 164-169C. It is used as solvents for paints, coatings and wax formulations. It is used as an intermediate for resins and for camphor, menthol, campholenic aldehyde and terpineol. It is used as lube-oil additives. Myrcene,one of the most important chemicals used in the perfumery industry, is obtained from beta-Pinene through pyrolysis.

SALES SPECIFICATION

APPEARANCE

clear liquid

alpha-PINENE 97.0% min

COLOR, APHA

50 max

TRANSPORTATION

PACKING

HAZARD CLASS 3 (Packing Group: III)

UN NO. 2368

SAFETY INFORMATION

Hazard Symbols: XI, Risk Phrases: 10-36/38-43-51/53-65, Safety Phrases: 9-16-23-28A-33-37-45

GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF TERPENE

A class of naturally occurring compounds mainly in plants as constituents of essential oils whose carbon skeletons are composed exclusively of isoprene C5 units (CH₂=C(CH₃)-CH=CH₂). Most terpenes are hydrocarbons having molecular formula (C₅H₈)_n in a cyclic or acyclic, saturated or unsaturated structure, while the terpenoids are oxygen-containing analogues of the terpenes such as alcohols, aldehydes or ketones containing hydroxyl groups or carbonyl groups. Several vitamines, hormones, flavour and flagrances and latex are terpenoids. Terpenes containing 30 or more carbons are usually formed by the fusion of two terpene precursors in a regular pattern, usually head-to-tail appears to be violated. They are differ from one another not only in functional groups but also in their basic carbon skeletons. Terpenes are employed mainly the fragrance and flavour purpose, as well as in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries. They are classified by the number of isoprene units:

Class	number of isoprene	Examples
Hemiterpene	1 (C₅H₈)	Found in associated with Alkaloids, Coumarins and Flavonoids.
Monoterpenes	2 (C₁₀H₁₆)	Geraniol, Citronellol, Pinene, Nerol, Citral, Camphor, Menthol, Limonene, Thujone
Sesquiterpenes	3 (C₁₅H₂₄)	Nerolidol, Farnesol
Diterpenes	4 (C₂0H₃₂)	Phytol, Vitamin A1
Triterpenes	6 (C₃₀H₄₈)	Squalene
Tetraterpenes	8 (C₄₀H₈₄)	Carotene (Provitamin A1)
Polyterpenes	> 10 (C₅H₈)_n

PRICE INFORMATION